The Art of Marking Support and Resistance Levels
Why is marking support and resistance levels so important?
Do
you struggle with the process of marking your support and resistance
levels? The process can be one that confuses lots of traders but in this
article I will try to break down the technique I use to mark my key
support and resistance levels, to hopefully get you to start marking
these very important levels as accurately and consistently as possible.
So
why is it so important to be able to mark our support and resistance
levels properly? Well, I believe the foundation for any solid trading
strategy is the ability to know where to find the best high probability
trades and this means knowing exactly where the best levels are to go
hunting.
We know that the markets have a tendency of repeating
themselves and this can be seen on any chart. The reason for this is due
to human participation and human nature causing price to react and
repeat itself over and over again. If price reacts very strongly at a
certain level on a chart, the chances are very high that it will react
there again in the future. This repetitive nature of the markets allows
us to mark key levels on the charts in the knowledge that price will
repeats itself and may produce a valid trade setup.
Learning how to select the correct levels to trade from increases the odds of finding solid trades.
This
article will explain how I use price action and the candlesticks that
get printed on the charts to make marking these key hunting levels a
very simple process but to begin with we need to go over what supply and
demand is and how it effects movements in price.
What is supply and demand?
Let’s start by defining what supply and demand actually is.
Supply
is the measure of how much of a particular commodity is available at
any one time. As the supply of a currency increases, the currency
becomes less valuable. Conversely, as the supply of a currency
decreases, the currency becomes more valuable.
Alternatively, demand
is the measure of how much of a particular commodity people want at any
one time. As the demand for a currency increases, the currency becomes
more valuable. Conversely, as the demand for a currency decreases, the
currency becomes less valuable.
Therefore, price reversals and
support and resistance levels form when we have imbalances in the supply
and demand. If we look at any Forex pair on any particular time frame,
price will be contained within two boundaries a support level situated
below the current price and a resistance level situated above the
current price.
The resistance level acts as the
ceiling for price and indicates where supply is higher than demand and
this is where we’d expect price to be pushed back down lower.
The
support
level acts as the floor for the market and indicates where demand is
higher than supply and these are the levels where price bounces off and
moves higher from.
Using the information on the charts to mark key levels.
Now
we have a better understanding of supply and demand and how it can
effect price movements I can start to explain how we can mark our key
support and resistance levels. As a price action trader I rely solely on
the use of candlestick charts and by using these candlesticks we are
able to mark the important key levels relatively easily.
If
we start by looking at the anatomy of the candlesticks that get printed
on the charts, we can learn a lot about how price has reacted in the
past. We can see where price has been rejected from and also where price
has closed for each period of a specific time frame. Knowing where
price has been rejected from and where it actually closes are both very
important pieces of data and I use both to help me place my key support
and resistance levels.
Candlestick wicks
It’s
very easy to recognise where price gets rejected from and this is done
via the candlestick wicks. The wicks of candles tell us at what point
price has reversed from and the tips of the wicks show exactly where
price has been reversed from. We can also examine the size and length of
the wick as it can indicate the strength of the rejection (larger wicks
= larger rejection). So the wicks of the candles provide us with some
very key data to see where price reverses from.
Candlestick close
The
second piece of information a candlestick provides that is worth
considering, is where each candlestick closes. Looking at where each
candlestick closes helps us to see where price struggles to close beyond
and this data can help us to find price flip zones. Flip zones or flip
levels are where levels switch from support to resistance and vice
versa.
An example of a flip zone would be a support level which
prevents price from closing below it but once price does break lower and
closes below it, the level flips from a support level to being a
resistance level, rejecting and preventing price returning back above
the level. These flip zones are important areas to look out for and can
help us determine key areas in the market.
Above
is a chart to show you what a flip zone looks like. If we start on the
left hand side of the chart you can see price has tried but been unable
to close above the level (labelled 1). This level is currently acting as
a resistance level.
When price does finally breach the resistance
level and closes above it (labelled 2) we can see price retest the
level 6 times (labelled 3) but price is rejected and cannot close below.
This is now acting as a support level and so the level has flipped.
Finally,
we get a large bearish candle (labelled 4) close below the flip zone
and we then can see price retest the level twice but it is unable to
close back above. This level is now acting as a resistance level.
Price
pushes lower but tries again to break back above the resistance level
and we can see a pin bar (labelled 5) form with its wick indicating a
strong rejection of the level.
This level is clearly a strong key
level and it is very easy to see how price obeys the level and so we
would deem this level to be a price flip zone or flip level.
Once
we can identify these flip zones which tie in as many candlestick wicks
and candle closes as possible we will start to mark and find consistent
key levels to trade from.
Take a look at another chart shown below
which will hopefully show you how I have marked both my support and
resistance levels. I try to get each level to link in with as many of
the candlestick wicks as possible making sure to consider the candle
closes and reading how price reacts once it breaches each level.
Looking
at both the resistance and support levels marked you can see how the
levels contain price and only once price finally breaks out and closes
beyond the level does price manage to make a strong move away from the
levels.
Key levels like these which have been tested numerous
times and have rejected price, are the ones we want to follow. We really
need to see a level tested atleast twices and caused strong rejections
to consider the level a strong level to trade from.
So to recap,
the marking and finding of the key support and resistance levels
requires a combination of both the candlestick wicks and candlestick
closes, both play important roles in determining our support and
resistance levels.
If we can learn to determine the key
levels which once broken turn and reverse their polarity we will start
to be able to quickly find the important areas to look for trades to
form.
By asking ourselves, the simple question
“at what point if price does manage to close beyond a certain level does
the chance that price will continue further away increase, rather than
be contained and held by a level?” By asking this question to yourself
when scanning the charts you will begin to see the key levels much more
quickly and they will start to ping out from the charts.
Which time frame should we use?
The
next important consideration we need to make is what time frame we
should use to mark our key support and resistance levels from.
To
make things as simple as possible we need to have charts which are clean
and uncomplicated and to achieve this we need to have the minimum
number of levels on the charts at one time. By using only one single
time frame to mark the two key levels from, we will produce the clean
charts we desire.
Which time frame should we use? Well to put the
odds in our favour we really want to make sure we are trading from the
very best levels, we need to make sure we are choosing the strongest and
most powerful levels, where the percentage of traders who are watching a
certain level is much higher and so where strong price reversals are
more likely to occur. Comparing all the time frames available to us, I
believe the daily time frame is the best option.
Why? Well, by
using the daily time frame we ensure we are marking levels which have
proven themselves to be extremely important and have resulted in very
strong reversals forming. Because we are using levels which have in the
past produced strong rejections /reversals we know the chances are lots
more traders across the world will be looking in the same areas and
similar reactions could occur in the future.
When we place trades
we ultimately need other traders to push price along in the right
direction and so the more traders we have watching a certain level
increases the chances that traders will agree with our analysis,
increasing the chances of price moving in the desired direction.
Alternatively,
if we marked our support and resistance levels off a lower time frame
like the 1hr chart, the levels we find may not even be visible on the
daily charts and so for this reason we could be trading from weaker
areas where the chances are less traders will be watching and so less
inclined to take a trade from and get price moving strongly.
How do we mark these levels on the daily charts?
So
far I have shown you how we look at the candlesticks wicks and closes
to mark our support and resistance levels but we have to remember we
will always have to allow for a degree of give and take, we can never
see levels as pin point accurate levels but more zones or areas where
price may react and reverse. It’s all about practice and getting your
eye in.
Sometimes, not all the candles will tie in perfectly but
it’s about getting a happy medium and having levels that link in as many
candle closes and wicks as possible. There will always be a few
anomalies when marking our key levels but this is just something we have
to accept.
Remember to only consider marking levels which have
caused strong price reversals on the daily charts, there will be some
minor levels visible but these are not where we want to take trades
from.
I will now take you through the exact process of marking support and resistance levels from a daily chart.
Step 1.
Pull up a daily chart of any Forex pair you like. Making sure to have
the chart zoomed in correctly, I find the best view to use is by zooming
the chart out completely and then hitting the zoom in button twice.
This gives a nice overview of what has happened previously with price
and it’s easy to see the key areas or levels where price has reacted
strongly. If you zoom in too much on the chart you may completely miss a
really solid level.
The next thing to do is to take note of where
price is currently trading and then scan the charts from right to left.
The idea here is to look at what price has done in the past and to mark
the nearest support level below current price and then the nearest
resistance level above the current price.
Step 2.
Marking the support level, this is the next strongest level below
current price and we are looking to see where in the past that price has
reacted strongly from, turning price around. Ignore minor levels which
may have only caused pauses in price movement and look for the really
strong areas which have caused big price reversals.
Once we have
found an area that has caused price to reverse strongly from, we have to
mark our support level. I personally use a red line and look to tie in
as many candle closes and wicks as possible to get the most accurate
level to work from. You can clearly see how the support level I have
chosen has produced strong price movements in the past. Once this level
is marked I move onto the resistance level.
The charts below show
the placement of the support level, with two zoomed in charts to show
you more clearly how price has reacted at this level.
Step 3.
Marking the resistance level, this is the next strongest level above
current price and again we are looking for a level which has caused
price to react strongly from, just like the support level.
Usually,
your first impressions when you look at a chart are correct and so look
for the levels which really stand out immediately and clearly show
strong price reversals. Looking at the chart below we can see that at
point A price reversed strongly twice and then price has continued to
react at point B and C, so this is the closest key level to where price
is currently and a good spot to look for price action trades.
Step 4.
Now we have our support and resistance levels marked, we can use these
levels on the daily time frame and also on the lower time frames as
areas to look for trades. We must never have more than two levels marked
at one time, this is to reduce any confusion and to keep the charts as
clean as possible.
Once price breaches one of the levels we must
then reassess and mark the next relevant level. So if price breaks
through a support level, this will now become the resistance level and
the next important level below current price will be the support level.
The
process of marking support and resistance levels is one which once
mastered should only take a few seconds to place on any chart.
Practice, Practice, Practice is the golden rule here.
A
key point to note, is that if there are no clear levels to mark from
the chart, leave the chart alone and move onto another. If you cannot
find any key levels easily, then the rest of the traders out there will
be in the same boat. We want to only focus and trade from the clear and
obvious levels in the market, always trying to trade away from these key
levels and not back into them.
Get practicing!
I
hope this article has given you some food for thought and will help get
you on the right track to start marking your key support and resistance
levels more consistently. Granted, it’s not rocket science but it does
require a good eye and some practice on your part. Once you trust your
levels you can begin to hunt for trades knowing that they are forming at
solid levels which will increase your chances of trades moving in the
desired direction.
The next step once you are able to mark your
support and resistance levels properly is to learn how to use these key
levels to start entering trades from, this will be discussed in the next
article and I will go through how we can use these levels to hunt for
trades on both the daily and intra-day time frames.